How Did India Become Europe's Top Supplier of Refined Fuel?

When Russia invaed Ukraine in 2022, Europe was quick to impose sanctions on Russian crude oil. Before the conflict, Russia was Europe’s go-to source for refined fuels. However, with restrictions in place, Europe had to turn elsewhere to meet its diesel and jet fuel demands. Enter India: a major crude oil importer and refining hub, redirected these refined products to Europe. Since then, India’s fuel exports to Europe have surged, recently crossing 360,000 barrels per day—a volume that positions it at the top, even ahead of Saudi Arabia.